1. Signaling Pathways
  2. Apoptosis
  3. Bcl-2 Family

Bcl-2 Family

Bcl-2 is a family of evolutionarily related proteins. These proteins govern mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and can be either pro-apoptotic (Bax, Bad, Bak and Bok among others) or anti-apoptotic (including Bcl-2 proper, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-w, among an assortment of others). There are a total of 25 genes in the Bcl-2 family known to date. Human genes encoding proteins that belong to this family include: Bak1, Bax, Bal-2, Bok, Mcl-1.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0361
    Dihydrocapsaicin
    Modulator 99.86%
    Dihydrocapsaicin, a capsaicin, is a potent and selective TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 1) agonist. Dihydrocapsaicin reduces AIF, Bax, and Caspase-3 expressions, and increased Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and p-Akt levels. Dihydrocapsaicin enhances the hypothermia-induced neuroprotection following ischemic stroke via PI3K/Akt regulation in rat.
    Dihydrocapsaicin
  • HY-B0464
    Hydralazine hydrochloride
    99.66%
    Hydralazine hydrochloride is an antihypertensive agent. Hydralazine hydrochloride can inhibit mitochondrial fission and human peritoneal mesothelial cell proliferation. Hydralazine hydrochloride has immunomodulation and anti-migratory effect. Hydralazine hydrochloride activates the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and causes DNA damage.
    Hydralazine hydrochloride
  • HY-125877
    PROTAC Mcl1 degrader-1
    Inhibitor 98.13%
    PROTAC Mcl1 degrader-1 (compound C3), a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) based on Cereblon ligand, is a potently and selectively Mcl-1 (Bcl-2 family member) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.78 μM. PROTAC Mcl1 degrader-1 inhibits Bcl-2 with an IC50 of 0.54 μM.
    PROTAC Mcl1 degrader-1
  • HY-109185
    Pelcitoclax
    Inhibitor
    Pelcitoclax (APG-1252) is a potent Bcl-2/Bcl-xl inhibitor with antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic effects.
    Pelcitoclax
  • HY-B0257
    Levonorgestrel
    Inhibitor 99.88%
    Levonorgestrel is an orally active inhibitor of progesterone (HY-N0437). Levonorgestrel has anticancer activity and can induce Apoptosis. Levonorgestrel can be used as a contraceptive and in combination with other medications. Levonorgestrel can be used in the study of osteoporosis and uterine leiomyoma.
    Levonorgestrel
  • HY-13560
    AVN-944
    Modulator 99.77%
    AVN-944 (VX-944) is an orally active, potent, selective, noncompetitive and specific inhibitor of IMPDH (inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase). AVN-944 is an essential rate-limiting enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide synthesis. AVN-944 is also an inhibitor of arenavirus RNA synthesis, and blocks arenavirus infection. AVN-944 has broad anti-cancer activities, and can be used for multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) research.
    AVN-944
  • HY-102027
    FX1
    Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    FX1 is a potent and specific BCL6 inhibitor, with an IC50 of around 35 μM.
    FX1
  • HY-105930
    Lobaplatin
    Modulator ≥98.0%
    Lobaplatin (D-19466) is a diastereometric mixture of platinum(II) complexe. Lobaplatin arrests cell cycle at G1 and G2/M phase. Lobaplatin induces apoptosis by increasing expressions of caspase and Bax, decreasing expression of Bcl-2. Lobaplatin can be used for research of cancer.
    Lobaplatin
  • HY-N0213
    Peiminine
    99.94%
    Peiminine is a compound that can be isolated from Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim) Franquet (Cucurbitaceae family). Peiminine can induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Peiminine has anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-osteoporosis, cardioprotective and other activities in many animal models.
    Peiminine
  • HY-117235
    Diallyl Trisulfide
    Activator
    Diallyl Trisulfide is an orally active anticancer agent that can be isolated from garlic. Diallyl Trisulfide has the ability to induce apoptosis and exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. Diallyl Trisulfide can be used to study a variety of cancers, including liver, colon and prostate cancer.
    Diallyl Trisulfide
  • HY-14521
    Lometrexol
    Inducer 98.03%
    Lometrexol (DDATHF), an antipurine antifolate, can inhibit the activity of glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT) but do not induce detectable levels of DNA strand breaks. Lometrexol can further inhibit de novo purine synthesis, causing abnormal cell proliferation and apoptosis, even cell cycle arrest. Lometrexol has anticancer activity. Lometrexol also is a potent human Serine hydroxymethyltransferase1/2 (hSHMT1/2) inhibitor.
    Lometrexol
  • HY-B0402A
    Amantadine hydrochloride
    Modulator ≥98.0%
    Amantadine (1-Adamantanamine) hydrochloride is an orally avtive and potent antiviral agent with activity against influenza A viruses. Amantadine hydrochloride inhibits several ion channels such as NMDA and M2, and also inhibits Coronavirus ion channels. Amantadine hydrochloride also has anti-orthopoxvirus and anticancer activity. Amantadine hydrochloride can be used for Parkinson's disease, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and COVID-19 research.
    Amantadine hydrochloride
  • HY-B1971
    Deltamethrin
    99.93%
    Deltamethrin (Decamethrin) is an orally active synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Deltamethrin induces oxidative stress and results in inflammation and apoptosis via inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Deltamethrin has an anticancer effect by inducing apoptosis. Deltamethrin can be used extensively in pest control.
    Deltamethrin
  • HY-N0060B
    (E)-Ferulic acid
    Activator 99.88%
    (E)-Ferulic acid is an isomer of ferulic acid, an aromatic compound abundant in plant cell walls. (E)-Ferulic acid causes phosphorylation of β-catenin (β-catenin), leading to proteasome degradation, increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and reducing pro-apoptotic factor Expression of the survival factor survivin. (E)-Ferulic acid can effectively remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit lipid peroxidation. (E)-Ferulic acid exerts antiproliferative and antimigratory effects in the human lung cancer cell line H1299.
    (E)-Ferulic acid
  • HY-118341
    Clitocine
    Inhibitor
    Clitocine, an adenosine nucleoside analog isolated from mushroom, is a potent and efficacious readthrough agent. Clitocine acts as a suppressor of nonsense mutations and can induce the production of p53 protein in cells harboring p53 nonsense-mutated alleles. Clitocine can induce apoptosis in multidrug-resistant human cancer cells by targeting Mcl-1. Anticancer activity.
    Clitocine
  • HY-120079
    MSN-125
    Inhibitor 99.00%
    MSN-125 is a potent Bax and Bak oligomerization inhibitor. MSN-125 prevents mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) with an IC50 of 4 μM. MSN-125 potently inhibits Bax/Bak-mediated apoptosis in HCT-116, BMK Cells, and primary cortical neurons, protects primary neurons against glutamate excitotoxicity.
    MSN-125
  • HY-125876
    PROTAC Bcl2 degrader-1
    Inhibitor 98.78%
    PROTAC Bcl2 degrader-1 (Compound C5) is a PROTAC based on Cereblon ligand, which potently and selectively induces the degradation of Bcl-2 (IC50, 4.94 μM; DC50, 3.0 μM) and Mcl-1 (IC50, 11.81 μM) by introducing the E3 ligase cereblon (CRBN)-binding ligand pomalidomide to Mcl-1/Bcl-2 dual inhibitor Nap-1 (Blue: CRBN ligand, Black: linker;Pink: Mcl-1/Bcl-2 inhibitor, Nap-1).
    PROTAC Bcl2 degrader-1
  • HY-13755A
    (R)-Sulforaphane
    Inhibitor 99.37%
    (R)-Sulforaphane (L-Sulforaphane) is a orally active, potent inducer of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway, exhibiting antioxidant and anticancer activities. (R)-Sulforaphane primarily functions by upregulating phase II detoxifying enzymes in cells, aiding in the removal of carcinogens and combating oxidative stress. (R)-Sulforaphane is capable of modulating gene expression, influencing various signaling pathways, including Nrf2, NF-κB, and AP-1. (R)-Sulforaphane can be used in studies of tumor biology, antioxidant defense mechanisms, as well as inflammation and immune responses.
    (R)-Sulforaphane
  • HY-44432
    Navitoclax-piperazine
    Inhibitor 99.21%
    Navitoclax-piperazine (ABT-263-piperazine) is a B-cell lymphoma extra large (BCL-XL) inhibitor. Navitoclax-piperazine and a VHL ligand for the E3 ubiquitin ligase can be used in the synthesis of PROTAC DT2216 (HY-130604).
    Navitoclax-piperazine
  • HY-15464A
    (R)-(-)-Gossypol acetic acid
    Inhibitor 98.93%
    (R)-(-)-Gossypol acetic acid (AT-101 (acetic acid)) is the levorotatory isomer of a natural product Gossypol. AT-101 is determined to bind to Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL proteins with Kis of 260±30 nM, 170±10 nM, and 480±40 nM, respectively.
    (R)-(-)-Gossypol acetic acid
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity

Bcl-2 family members have been grouped into three classes. The anti-apoptotic subfamily contains the Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, Bfl1/A-1, and Bcl-B proteins, which suppress apoptosis and contain all four Bcl-2 homology domains, designated BH1-4. The pro-apoptotic subfamily contain BH1-3 domains, such as Bax, Bak, and Bok. A third class of BH3 only proteins Bad, Bid, Bim, Noxa and Puma have a conserved BH3 domain that can bind and regulate the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins to promote apoptosis [1].


The intrinsic pathway is initiated by various signals, principally extracellular stimuli. BH3-only proteins (Bim, Bid, Bad, Noxa, Puma) engage with anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins to relieve their inhibition of Bax and Bak to activate them. Next, Bax and Bak are oligomerized and activated, leading to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. Once mitochondrial membranes are permeabilized, cytochrome c and/or Smac/DIABLO is released into the cytoplasm, wherein they combine with an adaptor molecule, Apaf-1, and an inactive initiator Caspase, Pro-caspase 9, within a multiprotein complex called the apoptosome. Smac/DIABLO inhibits IAPs to activate Caspase 9. Caspase 9 activates Caspase 3, which is the initiation step for the cascade of Caspase activation. The extrinsic pathway can be activated by cell surface receptors, such as Fas and TNF Receptor, subsequently activating Caspase 8, and leads to Caspase 3 activation and cell demolition. Caspases in turn cleave a series of substrates, activate DNases and orchestrate the demolition of the cell. Bcl-2 family proteins are also found on the endoplasmic reticulum and the perinuclear membrane in hematopoietic cells, but they are predominantly localized to mitochondria [2]

 

Reference:
[1]. Cotter TG, et al. Apoptosis and cancer: the genesis of a research field. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009 Jul;9(7):501-7.

[2]. Kang MH, et al. Bcl-2 inhibitors: targeting mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Feb 15;15(4):1126-32.

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